Peter Maduka
Tuesday, 28 April 2020
Some Men destroyed dangerous charm found inside keke
Who knows this man Nyome should tell him to thank the Most High, we found a bag containing his picture, moulded human image, a lot of mystical items this morning along the road and we burnt them. Someone forgot it inside Keke and the driver threw the bag out.
Peter Maduka
Peter Maduka
Monday, 3 February 2020
Introduction: Lassa Fever.
Lassa fever is an animal-borne, or zoonotic, acute viral disease. carried by a particular type of rat the “multimammate rat” botanical name ( Mastomys natalensis )
Lassa Fever is a hemorrhagic virus, which means it can cause bleeding, although 8 out of every 10 people with the virus, have no symptoms. This virus can be very fatal If it affects the liver or kidneys. Lassa fever is endemic in parts of West Africa countries like Sierra Leone, Liberia, Guinea and Nigeria. Neighboring countries are also at risk, as the “multimammate rat" can migrate throughout the region. Lassa fever was first discovered in Nigeria, when two missionary nurses became ill with the virus in 1969. Its name is derived from a town Lassa somewhere in Borno state.
An estimated 100,000 to 300,000 infections of Lassa fever occur annually, with approximately 5,000 deaths. Surveillance for Lassa fever is not standardized; therefore, these estimates are crude.
Course/Transmission.
The reservoir, host, or carrier of Lassa virus is a rodent known as the “multimammate rat” botanical name. ( Mastomys natalensis ). Now this rat is just like the rats we see in our home and environment. But has so many (multiple) nipples. Once this rat is infected, she can excrete this virus in urine and feces for an extended period of time, maybe for the rest of its life.
This multimammate rat, breed frequently, produce large numbers of offspring, and are numerous in the savannas and forests of west Africa. In addition, Multimammate inhabit human home especially areas where food is stored.Transmission of Lassa virus to humans is possible through ingestion or inhaling rat urine or feces. It can also be spread through cuts and open sores. That is when one come in contact with a contaminated object, consume contaminated food. Since this rats often live in and around homes and scavenge on leftover food, food items or poorly stored food, direct transmission is common. This rats are sometimes consumed as a food by some communities, which can also course infection. This virus can also be contacted, when a person inhales tiny particles in air contaminated by this Multimammate rat excretions. Person-to-person transmission is also possible via blood, tissue, secretions or excretions, Sharing needles may spread the virus, and there are some reports of sexual transmission.
Lassa fever can also be passed between patients and staff at poorly equipped hospitals Casual contact such as skin-to-skin contact without exchange of body fluids does not spread Lassa virus.
Signs/Symptoms
Bleeding in the gums, nose, eyes, or elsewhere
Difficulty breathing
Cough
Vomiting and diarrhea , both with blood
Hepatitis
Swollen face
Pain in the chest, back, and abdomen
Shock
Hearing loss , which may be permanent
High or low blood pressure
Tremors
Meningitis
Seizures
Treatment
There is currently no vaccine that protects against Lassa fever. However,
A vaccine has been developed for treatment. The antiviral drug ribavirin seems to be an effective treatment for Lassa fever patient, if given early. Patients should also receive supportive care consisting of maintenance of appropriate fluid and electrolyte balance, oxygenation and blood pressure, as well as treatment of any other complicating infections.
Prevention.
Like we all know, prevention is better than cure. The multimammate rat is so widespread that ist almost impossible to eradicated. As a result, the main aim is to avoid these rodents and prevent them from sharing human habitation. Some personal measures can be taking to prevent this virus from spreading. This includes:
Wash your hand regularly
Avoid eating rats for now
Do not carry dead rats with bare hands
Wash your vegetables, fruits before eating
Store your foods in rodent-proof containers
Keeping garbage away from the home
Stay hydrated
Avoiding blood and other bodily fluids when caring for sick relatives
Using protective equipment in a healthcare setting, including masks and eyewear
Finally Please let's go on break from drinking garri for now.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the current outbreak of Lassa fever in Nigeria can be controlled effectively by adopting proper standard precautions in hospitals, communities, as well as our home. Educating the public on the mode of transmission of this virus and the need for proper hygiene and environmental sanitation should be emphasized.
By Ugonabo Ifeanyi M.
Lassa fever is an animal-borne, or zoonotic, acute viral disease. carried by a particular type of rat the “multimammate rat” botanical name ( Mastomys natalensis )
Lassa Fever is a hemorrhagic virus, which means it can cause bleeding, although 8 out of every 10 people with the virus, have no symptoms. This virus can be very fatal If it affects the liver or kidneys. Lassa fever is endemic in parts of West Africa countries like Sierra Leone, Liberia, Guinea and Nigeria. Neighboring countries are also at risk, as the “multimammate rat" can migrate throughout the region. Lassa fever was first discovered in Nigeria, when two missionary nurses became ill with the virus in 1969. Its name is derived from a town Lassa somewhere in Borno state.
An estimated 100,000 to 300,000 infections of Lassa fever occur annually, with approximately 5,000 deaths. Surveillance for Lassa fever is not standardized; therefore, these estimates are crude.
Course/Transmission.
The reservoir, host, or carrier of Lassa virus is a rodent known as the “multimammate rat” botanical name. ( Mastomys natalensis ). Now this rat is just like the rats we see in our home and environment. But has so many (multiple) nipples. Once this rat is infected, she can excrete this virus in urine and feces for an extended period of time, maybe for the rest of its life.
This multimammate rat, breed frequently, produce large numbers of offspring, and are numerous in the savannas and forests of west Africa. In addition, Multimammate inhabit human home especially areas where food is stored.Transmission of Lassa virus to humans is possible through ingestion or inhaling rat urine or feces. It can also be spread through cuts and open sores. That is when one come in contact with a contaminated object, consume contaminated food. Since this rats often live in and around homes and scavenge on leftover food, food items or poorly stored food, direct transmission is common. This rats are sometimes consumed as a food by some communities, which can also course infection. This virus can also be contacted, when a person inhales tiny particles in air contaminated by this Multimammate rat excretions. Person-to-person transmission is also possible via blood, tissue, secretions or excretions, Sharing needles may spread the virus, and there are some reports of sexual transmission.
Lassa fever can also be passed between patients and staff at poorly equipped hospitals Casual contact such as skin-to-skin contact without exchange of body fluids does not spread Lassa virus.
Signs/Symptoms
Bleeding in the gums, nose, eyes, or elsewhere
Difficulty breathing
Cough
Vomiting and diarrhea , both with blood
Hepatitis
Swollen face
Pain in the chest, back, and abdomen
Shock
Hearing loss , which may be permanent
High or low blood pressure
Tremors
Meningitis
Seizures
Treatment
There is currently no vaccine that protects against Lassa fever. However,
A vaccine has been developed for treatment. The antiviral drug ribavirin seems to be an effective treatment for Lassa fever patient, if given early. Patients should also receive supportive care consisting of maintenance of appropriate fluid and electrolyte balance, oxygenation and blood pressure, as well as treatment of any other complicating infections.
Prevention.
Like we all know, prevention is better than cure. The multimammate rat is so widespread that ist almost impossible to eradicated. As a result, the main aim is to avoid these rodents and prevent them from sharing human habitation. Some personal measures can be taking to prevent this virus from spreading. This includes:
Wash your hand regularly
Avoid eating rats for now
Do not carry dead rats with bare hands
Wash your vegetables, fruits before eating
Store your foods in rodent-proof containers
Keeping garbage away from the home
Stay hydrated
Avoiding blood and other bodily fluids when caring for sick relatives
Using protective equipment in a healthcare setting, including masks and eyewear
Finally Please let's go on break from drinking garri for now.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the current outbreak of Lassa fever in Nigeria can be controlled effectively by adopting proper standard precautions in hospitals, communities, as well as our home. Educating the public on the mode of transmission of this virus and the need for proper hygiene and environmental sanitation should be emphasized.
By Ugonabo Ifeanyi M.
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